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Respirator Fit Testing

based on OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134

Ensure Employee Safety with Respirator Fit Testing

Respiratory protection violations are in the top 5 most common infraction according to OSHA’s Top 10 most frequently cited standards. A most violated section of the standard regards fit testing. Section 1910.134(f)(2) states: “the employer shall ensure an employee using a tight-fitting facepiece respirator is fit tested prior to initial use of the respirator, whenever a different respirator facepiece (size, style, model or make) is used, and at least annually thereafter.” This requirement is known as respirator fit testing, but also referred to as mask fit testing, face fit testing or just fit testing. An estimated 1 in 10 people will become sick due to respiratory hazards encountered in the workplace annually (American Journal of Respiratory Care and Medicine). Providing proper respirator fit testing annually helps ensure the safety of your employees and compliance with OSHA 1910.124.

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Fit Testing Methods

OSHA requires two kinds of respirator fit tests before a user wears a mandatory respirator on the job. A qualitative fit test is the more common method, where each employee is evaluated for proper fit and guided through a pass/fail method used on half-masks that rely on senses – such as taste and smell – to detect air leakage from the respirator. The second method is known as quantitative respiratory fit testing. During this process, a machine is used to assess the adequacy of the seal that is formed around the face by having the person do various exercises and maneuvers to detect potential leakage. Faulty equipment will be documented, tagged, and placed out of service.

Qualitative Fit Testing (QLFT)

When Should It Be Done?

Qualitative Fit Testing may only be performed when:

  • The respirator normally uses a powered/forced air supply and the powered/forced air is removed (i.e., the opening where the forced air connects to the mask is covered, normally with a filter)
  • To fit test negative-pressure, air-purifying respirators that must achieve a fit factor of 100 or less.

AND the answers to ALL of the following are “No”.

  1. Is exposure greater than or equal to 10 times the permissible exposure limit (PEL)?
  2. Is the respirator for use in immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) environments (e.g., fires)?
  3. Is the respirator for exposures at unknown levels?
  4. Is fit testing for a fit factor of at least 500?

Scope of Work

Testing can be conducted for 40-50 people per day per technician:

  1. A Martin Technical Respiratory Fit Technician will evaluate each employee for proper fit and guide each employee through a pass/fail method used on half-masks that relies on senses – such as taste and smell – to detect air leakage from the respirator.
  2. Documentation and report of all results for each individual tested.

Quantitative Fit Testing (QNFT)

When Should It Be Done?

Quantitative Fit Testing should be performed when any of the following are true.

  • Is exposure greater than or equal to 10 times the permissible exposure limit (PEL)?
  • Is the respirator for use in immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) environments (e.g., fires)?
  • Is the respirator for exposures at unknown levels?
  • Is fit testing for a fit factor of at least 500?

QNFT is required when:

  1. Required if assigned protection factor (APF) must be greater than 100
  2. Required to test a full-face mask for a fit factor of 500 or more

Scope of Work

Testing can be conducted for 40-50 people per day per technician:

  1. Machine testing to measure the adequacy of the seal that is formed around the face by having the person do various exercises and maneuvers to detect potential leakage.
  2. Faulty equipment will be documented, tagged, and placed out of service. A report will document any equipment that is placed out of service.
  3. Documentation and report of all results.

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